ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE AND HEALTH INSURANCE SUBSIDY (PBI) RECIPIENTS ON INDONESIA’S POVERTY LINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65886/ijde.v2i02.35Keywords:
Poverty Line, Social Assistance, BPJS PBI, Social Protection, Fiscal PolicyAbstract
This study discusses the topic of the influence of social protection on the poverty line in Indonesia, focusing on two main instruments: the realization of the food social assistance budget and participation in the National Health Insurance program through BPJS PBI. This topic is important given the high levels of poverty that still occur regionally, as well as the importance of the effectiveness of fiscal interventions in supporting inclusive social protection. The main problem studied is whether the realization of the social assistance budget and the number of BPJS PBI participants have an effect on the poverty line at the provincial level. The research question is formulated as follows: "Does the realization of social assistance and BPJS PBI participation significantly affect the interprovincial poverty line in Indonesia?" The main contribution of this study is to fill the gap in the literature that has been evaluating the effectiveness of social assistance and health insurance separately. This study presents an integrative approach that combines the two in a single model of empirical analysis that can be used to assess the simultaneous impact on social well-being. This study uses multiple linear regression methods with cross-section data from 34 Indonesian provinces in 2021. Classical assumption testing is also performed to ensure the validity of the model. Data is obtained from official sources such as BPS and the Ministry of Finance. The results of the study show that both the realization of the food social assistance budget and the number of BPJS PBI recipients have a negative and significant influence on the poverty line. Both programs have proven effective in reducing poverty rates through reducing the burden of spending on food and health. In conclusion, complementary social protection can be an effective instrument in reducing poverty. The proposed policy implications include increased coverage, goal-setting, and cross-program integration to build a more adaptive and sustainable social protection system.
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