THE EFFECT OF LIFE EXPECTANCY, POVERTY RATE, AND THE NUMBER OF GOVERNMENT HEALTH INSURANCE PARTICIPANTS ON THE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN EAST JAVA PROVINCE IN 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65886/ijde.v1i2.40Keywords:
Human Development Index, Life Expectancy, Poverty Rate, BPJS Health, East JavaAbstract
Poverty, low quality of life, and development inequality remain central to the socioeconomic dynamics in East Java Province. Within this framework, increasing community participation in national health insurance programs, such as BPJS Kesehatan, is seen as a strategic instrument for reducing social vulnerability. This study aims to analyze the effect of Life Expectancy (LE), Poverty Rate (PR), and Number of Health Insurance Participants (NHIP) on the Human Development Index (HDI) in East Java Province in 2023. Using an associative quantitative approach and secondary data from 38 districts/cities, the analysis employed multiple linear regression to test relationships among the variables. The results showed that the LE and NHIP variables had a significant positive effect on HDI, whereas the PR variable had a significant adverse effect. Simultaneously, the three variables accounted for 80.64% of the variation in HDI. This study provides a 2023 empirical contribution to the dynamics of human development and shows disparities across regions in East Java Province. The findings underscore the importance of increasing the number of health insurance participants and improving health conditions in expanding social security coverage, while poverty remains a significant constraint. Therefore, efforts to increase life expectancy, alleviate poverty, and strengthen participation in health insurance need to be integrated synergistically into the formulation of social protection policies to encourage more inclusive and sustainable human development.
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