The Influence Analysis of Stunting, Human Development Index, and GRDP on Benefit Cost Ratio BPNT Indonesia 2021 – 2023
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65886/ijde.v1i3.57Keywords:
BPNT, benefit cost ratio, stunting, human development, fiscal efficiencyAbstract
This study aims to evaluate the fiscal efficiency of the Non-Cash Food Assistance Program (BPNT) in Indonesia during the period 2021 to 2023 using a fiscal approach.Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR). The main focus of this study is to measure the extent to which the BPNT program provides socio-economic benefits compared to the costs incurred. The formulation of the problem raised is the extent to which BPNT efficiency can be explained through BCR, and how the variables stunting, Human Development Index (HDI), and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) influence the BCR value between provinces and time. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of evaluative and explanatory approaches using panel data across regions and years. Secondary data were obtained from BPS and the Ministry of Home Affairs covering 34 provinces in three years. The results of the BCR calculation show that there are 13 provinces that consistently have a BCR value of zero for three years, indicating that the program has not shown a significant impact on reducing stunting. The results of panel data regression with the Common Effect model show that the variables stunting, HDI, and GRDP do not have a significant effect on BCR. This finding indicates that the effectiveness of BPNT in improving community welfare is not optimal and has not been strongly reflected through the indicators used. This study concludes that although BPNT is an important program in social protection, its fiscal effectiveness still needs to be improved by considering a more adaptive program design and integration with other nutrition and poverty alleviation programs. These results provide implications for improving social assistance policies to be more targeted and have a real impact.
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